Parallel Programming SQL Server (edit)

Parallel processing is typically used for

• Long-running reports
• Bulk updates of large tables
• Building or rebuilding indexes on large tables
• Creating temporary tables for analytical processing
• Rebuilding a table to improve performance or to purge unwanted rows

The Database Engine can execute different database tasks in parallel. The following tasks can be parallelized:

•     Bulk load
•     Backup
•     Query execution
•     Indices

The Database Engine allows data to be loaded in parallel using the bcp utility. 

https://www.sqlshack.com/use-parallel-insert-sql-server-2016-improve-query-performance/

https://www.red-gate.com/hub/product-learning/sql-prompt/test-sql-server-functions-procedures-using-sql-prompt

https://www.red-gate.com/hub/product-learning/sql-prompt/record-t-sql-execution-times-using-sql-prompt-snippet

Craig Freedman's SQL Server Blog

https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/craigfr/

Data Warehouse Query Performance in SQL Server 2008

https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/technet-magazine/cc434693(v=msdn.10)